Eu participei de uma palestra sobre Fly-by-Wire na Embraer, e lá eles apresentaram um estudo de como a tripulação conseguiu manter um certo controle nesse avião após ter sido atinjido. É impressionante o que a tripulação fez, a aeronave perdeu todo o sistema hidraulico perdendo o camando nas superficies de controle, a unica coisa que funcionava era os motores e eles controlaram a aeronave somente com as manetes de das turbinas. Vou ver se consigo essa apresentação com o pessoal da EMB e posto aqui no forum.
Segue a noticia abaixo
Abraço
There are many people in our world who fail to comprehend how serious the terrorist threat is to all of us. These people minimize the threat because they are either unaware of the weapons available in the open market and through the underground, or they are simply blind to reality. A DHL A300 Airbus taking off from Baghdad Airport last November provides a clear example of what a fairly inexpensive, abundantly available portable surface-to-air missile can do to an advanced commercial jet that has no defensive measures to protect it. The photos of the damage done by the single missile that hit the aircraft are sobering indeed.
May 15, 2004, appended with new photos of the landing and the crew, May 23, 2005 and again on December 22, 2007
There are a lot of people in this country, and in this world, who think the terrorist threat is a figment of imagination. The story we are about to convey occurred in a war zone, in Baghdad. So it is arguable whether it was a terrorist event, but there are some facets of the story that are not arguable. The weapon employed was a shoulder-mounted surface-to-air missile (SAM) known as the SAM-14 Gremlin (early reports said it was the SAM-7; the SAM-14 is the follow-on system to the SAM-7).
Russian made, it is a portable missile thought to be in the hands of many would-be terrorists around the world. This missile is a serious threat to commercial aircraft on takeoffs and landings, and when flying below 18,000 feet.
Crew of one needed to acquire target and fire.
Reload time 25 seconds.
Maximum range: 6,000 meters, 18,000 feet.
Maximum altitude: 6,000 meters, 18,000 feet
Missile speed: 600 meters (1,800 feet) per second
Guidance: Passive Infrared homing (guides toward heat such as provided by an aircraft engine)
Fuse type: Explodes on contact.
Warhead: Fragmentary
We are going to tell a story about how a SAM-14 fired in Baghdad against a DHL A300 Airbus nearly destroyed the aircraft and its crew. There are two important points we wish to underscore.
First, the A300 Airbus was struck by at least one missile and was heavily damaged. (We have seen reports two missiles were launched, only one missile's vapor trail was seen, one missile hit its target, the other missed; we have also seen reports both missiles hit) It was only through the superior airmanship of the crew that the aircraft managed to land safely without injury to the crew.
Second, the attack highlights the threat posed to commercial aircraft by portable SAM-14s outside any airport, anywhere.
Let’s tell the story, and show some pictures. Thanks to Ashley Northcott, Technical Director, DHL International Aviation, Bahrain, for providing his first-hand reports.
On November 22, 2003, a German DHL A300B4 took off out of Baghdad International Airport. At altitude 8,000 feet, she was struck by one SAM-14 missile. All hydraulics were lost instantly, and the pilots had no flight controls as a result. The pilots had to resort to altering engine thrust to fly the aircraft. They brought her back to the airport once but lacked sufficient control to land, forcing a missed approach. After about 16 minutes more of flying with only adjustments to engine thrust to turn her and alter altitudes, she landed "heavily" on runway 33L. As the pilots had no capacity to steer with flight controls, the aircraft veered off the runway to the left. Had the aircraft landed on 33R and veered to the left, she would have struck the fire station.
Instead, the aircraft traveled about 600 meters through soft sand taking out a razor wire fence in the process. She came to rest almost at the bottom of the sloping area between the runway and a taxiway on the razor wire.
All three crew evacuated safely down the second slide. The first slide tore on the razor wire.
An inspection of the aircraft the next day revealed the following:
The left engine rotated a little, but had ingested a great deal of razor wire.
The right engine had seized, probably from ingesting a lot of sand at maximum reverse thrust.
An inlet cowl had unacceptable lip damage, probably from hitting the razor wire fence posts.
The bulk of the damage was done to the left wing by the missile. About 3 meters of rear spar was missing in front of the outboard flap, the wing bulged upwards and downwards where the initial explosion appears to have occurred, one outboard flap track was hanging in the breeze and one had a small piece of flap still attached, The rest of the flap was nonexistent.
There was a huge crack to the rear spar inboard of where the spar had burned away, possibly from loads on the wing during the landing process.
The missile entered Tank 1A, which was full of fuel, and, after it ignited, proceeded to burn away at the spar. The fuel tank ribs in the area directly in front of the outboard flap were burned almost 50% through.
Those who inspected the aircraft and talked to the crew said the crew did a magnificent job bringing her in. They also commented that it was probably a stroke of luck that the crew was unable to see the amount of damage to the left wing done by the missile strike. Had they seen the damage, it could have been a demoralizing blow indeed.
We’ll show you what we mean.
DHL Airbus left wing damage from being struck by at least one portable SAM-14 missile, after takeoff from Baghdad
Uninjured crew of three.
John C.K. Daly, reporting for UPI and published by the Washington Times on November 28, 2003, said this:
"A French photographer from Paris Match traveling with 10 guerrillas who mounted the attack recorded pictures that apparently show two missiles arcing up towards the Airbus-300 aircraft on its Baghdad-to-Dubai run."
AFP reported on November 27 that Jerome Sessini, a photographer from a French weekly magazine named Paris Match, accompanied a journalist named Claudine Verniez-Palliez with a group of Iraqi fighters for several days. They claim they were not told they would witness an attack, but they did, and it was the attack against the DHL aircraft. These are some of the photos we have found:
Masked Iraqi militants, in the south of Baghdad, stand by preparing for their attack. The man third from the left is holding the SAM-14. The others are holding rocket-propelled-grenades (RPGs). Photo credit: Jerome Sessini, courtesy of pdnonline
The aircraft has been struck, left wing on fire, landing gear down, all hydraulics lost, pilots trying to land by alternating thrust from each engine. Photo credit: Jerome Sessini, courtesy of pdnonline
Here are a few more photos we found from Sessini's inside work.
In the lower right, you can barely see the DHL markings on the aircraft. In the upper left, you see a man carrying the missile, and in the lower left you see the launch. Perhaps what is most disturbing is this blowup of the launch photo:
What you see here is the launch. Note that the missile was probably carried in the trunk of the car, or even by someone sitting in the back seat. And note that the missile is fired from a position outside the Baghdad Airport, probably well outside the airport, as the DHL aircraft had reached 8,000 feet altitude and had therefore progressed away from the airport by a factor of several miles (the French reporter said they were within a stone's throw of the airport, but that is hard to measure).
We understand that about 16 minutes after being struck, the aircraft landed heavily on runway 33L at Baghdad. The crew was unable to control the aircraft's direction after they landed and it veered off to the left. Had they used runway 33R, veering to the left would have taken them into the fire station. The aircraft, after touchdown, traveled about 600 meters through soft sand and took out a razor wire fence.
The USAF assisted DHL with a D9 Caterpillar and along with cable and a new aircraft pushback tug they moved the aircraft out of the way.
This is what the investigating teams saw when they got to walk around. You'll see an inspector in one of the photos, with a few more than your routine post-flight write-ups.
The left engine could rotate but had ingested a great deal of razor wire. The right engine had seized, probably from ingesting so much sand at maximum reverse thrust. The inlet cowl had unacceptable lip damage, probably from hitting the razor wire fence posts. the No. 8 axle was cracked. The bulk of damage was to the left wing. About three meters of rear spar was missing in front of the outboard flap. The wing had bulged upward and downward where the initial explosion seems to have occurred. One outboard backflap was handing in the breeze and one had a small piece of flap still attached. The rest of the flap was nonexistent. There was a very large crack to the rear spar inboard of where the spar had burned away, possibly from loads on the wind during the landing process.
If terrorists get access to this kind of weapon, and we must assume they have, and if they can get near an airport with the missile, and we can assume this to be possible, then every aircraft is threatened taking off and landing from every airport in the world. The questions are who might attack, what airport will they select, and how easily will it be for them to get close enough to launch.
This is only one threat. It is a very serious one. We must fight against international terrorism with everything we have.
It is also crucial that we all keep our eyes wide open on our way to the airport. Watch your surroundings, look for no-goodniks hanging out in places that are near landing and takeoff flight paths, and if you see something, anything suspicious, report it 911 to the police. For those of you with more machismo, a gun in your car, and not in a hurry, go over to the no-goodniks for a closer look. If they run, chase them to get the license number and a vehicle color and make, and call it in the to the police. If they stand firm and look like they'll make a fight of it, back away and call them in. If they fire on you, let 'em have it.
Abs,
Assis
